Maternal HealthMay 20255 min read

Understanding Your Menstrual Cycle: A Complete Guide

Your menstrual cycle is a window into your overall health. Understanding what's normal — and what's not — can help you seek timely care and maintain reproductive wellbeing.

Dr. Nasreen Ashfaq

MBBS, DGO · Senior Consultant OB/GYN, Ankura Hospitals

1What is a normal menstrual cycle?

A typical cycle lasts between 21 to 35 days, with bleeding lasting 2 to 7 days. The amount of blood lost is usually 20–80 ml. Cycles can vary month to month, but significant changes in frequency, duration, or volume may need medical attention.

2Common irregularities to watch out for

Heavy bleeding (soaking a pad/tampon every hour), periods lasting more than 7 days, cycles shorter than 21 days or longer than 35 days, severe cramping that interferes with daily life, and bleeding between periods are all signs you should consult a gynecologist.

3Hormones and your cycle

Estrogen and progesterone regulate your cycle in phases — the follicular phase, ovulation, the luteal phase, and menstruation. Imbalances in these hormones can cause PCOS, endometriosis, thyroid disorders, or other conditions that affect cycle regularity.

4When to see Dr. Nasreen Ashfaq

If you experience missed periods for more than 3 months (and aren't pregnant), extremely painful periods, or any sudden changes in your cycle pattern, schedule a consultation. Early evaluation leads to better outcomes.

Dr. Nasreen's Tip

Track your cycle using a simple calendar or app for at least 3 months. Bring this record to your consultation — it gives your doctor valuable diagnostic information.

Have concerns? Book a consultation.

Dr. Nasreen Ashfaq · Ankura Hospitals, Banjara Hills · Mon–Sat, 12–5 PM